Melasma is a common pigmentation disorder that causes brown or grey-brown patches, particularly on the cheeks, forehead and upper lip. Sun exposure, hormonal influences and genetic predisposition contribute to its development. Melasma can be persistent and often requires long-term maintenance.
What are the newer treatment options for melasma?
Treatment has evolved beyond conventional depigmenting creams, although no single treatment works for everyone.
Topical treatments: Hydroquinone-based regimens, azelaic acid, retinoids and other prescribed pigment-reducing agents may help. Cysteamine and topical tranexamic acid are additional options in selected patients, depending on availability and suitability.
Oral tranexamic acid: This prescription medicine may benefit selected patients with persistent melasma. It requires careful screening because of potential contraindications, including thromboembolic risk.
Chemical peels: Superficial peels may improve pigmentation when performed appropriately by a qualified professional.
Laser and light-based treatments: Certain devices may be considered for resistant cases, but results vary and treatment can sometimes worsen pigmentation, especially in darker skin types.
Is melasma permanently curable?
Melasma frequently recurs. Daily broad-spectrum sunscreen, preferably with visible-light protection such as a tinted iron-oxide formulation, is essential alongside an individualised treatment plan.
At DermcareMD Skin & Hair Clinic, Kothrud, Pune, Dr Neha Athalye provides personalised melasma assessment and treatment. A dermatologist can help select appropriate options while minimising irritation and the risk of post-inflammatory pigmentation.
